Describe the changes in behavior at about 18 to 24 months that signify the emergence of self-awareness. Apply this to understanding the mirror self-recognition test.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Around age 18 to 24 months, infants begin to recognize themselves in the mirror, as indicated by the mirror self-recognition test, which involves putting a spot of rouge on the baby's nose.
2. At ages 9 to 12 months, infants may notice the rouge and touch it in the mirror as if it were on another child. At ages 18 to 24 months, however, infants are aware that the mirror is a reflection, and they may rub their own noses and look embarrassed.
3. Infants show other signs of self-awareness at 18 to 24 months, such as using their own name or a personal pronoun and insisting on doing things themselves.
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Receiving a DSM-5 diagnosis means that the person a. is considered dangerous
b. has a condition that fits the legal definition of mental illness. c. must be either civilly or criminally committed. d. none of the above
Pinching your leg while you receive an injection will lessen the pain of the injection due to counterirritation
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
What effect do within-subjects designs have on the number of research participants?
a. It increases the number needed since the error variance increases. b. It increases the number needed because the F ratio tends to be larger. c. It reduces the number needed since each participant serves as her own control. d. It reduces the number needed since most studies of this type are concerned with populations that are small.
According to some theories, cross-cultural differences come from what?
What will be an ideal response?