A nurse cares for a client with hyperpyrexia due to pyelonephritis. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely with this client?
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
D) Respiratory acidosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
Explanation: A) Hyperpyrexia (fever) causes a hypermetabolic state, increasing respiratory rate. Increased respiratory rate "blows off" excess carbon dioxide and decreases pCO2 levels. Decreased pCO2 increases the pH, causing respiratory alkalosis. Metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, and respiratory acidosis are not the most likely acid-base imbalances the client will experience.
B) Hyperpyrexia (fever) causes a hypermetabolic state, increasing respiratory rate. Increased respiratory rate "blows off" excess carbon dioxide and decreases pCO2 levels. Decreased pCO2 increases the pH, causing respiratory alkalosis. Metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, and respiratory acidosis are not the most likely acid-base imbalances the client will experience.
C) Hyperpyrexia (fever) causes a hypermetabolic state, increasing respiratory rate. Increased respiratory rate "blows off" excess carbon dioxide and decreases pCO2 levels. Decreased pCO2 increases the pH, causing respiratory alkalosis. Metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, and respiratory acidosis are not the most likely acid-base imbalances the client will experience.
D) Hyperpyrexia (fever) causes a hypermetabolic state, increasing respiratory rate. Increased respiratory rate "blows off" excess carbon dioxide and decreases pCO2 levels. Decreased pCO2 increases the pH, causing respiratory alkalosis. Metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, and respiratory acidosis are not the most likely acid-base imbalances the client will experience.
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