Compare and contrast kwashiorkor and marasmus.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers will vary.
PEM usually occurs as either marasmus or kwashiorkor. These conditions differ in the severity of the overall energy and protein deficit and the related clinical characteristics (Fig. 7-15). Marasmus develops slowly from a severe deficiency of energy (and, in turn, protein and micronutrients). Over time, this leads to extreme weight loss, muscle and fat loss, and growth impairment. Kwashiorkor occurs more rapidly in response to a severe protein deficit, typically accompanied by underlying infections or disease. Kwashiorkor is characterized by edema, mild to moderate weight loss, growth impairment, and the development of a fatty liver (excess accumulation of fat in the liver).
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