We study cellular respiration because it is one of the most important pathways in biology. In fact, nearly all
carbohydrates at some point in their catabolism are directed through cellular respiration. Why is it unnecessary to have
multiple independent pathways to break down different molecules?
a. Using cellular respiration is theoretically the most efficient way to break down sugars and other molecules.
b. Oxygen must be used in the breakdown of all molecules in order to yield ATP.
c. Greater complexity would lead to an eventual failure of the biological system.
d. Most biological cells only catabolize one or two different types of sugars and only need one main pathway.
e. Energy-containing macromolecules can be converted to products that can enter at various points in the cellular
respiration pathway.
ANSWER: e
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An abrupt and transient change in membrane potential is called a(n)
a. electrical potential. b. refractory potential. c. threshold potential. d. resting potential. e. action potential.
Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of
the cell cycle? a. M b. D c. G1 d. G2 e. S
The differences in concentration of which pair of ions produces the resting membrane potential?
a. sodium and potassium b. sodium and chloride c. potassium and chloride d. chloride and calcium e. calcium and sodium
Which biomolecule is most associated with the structure and function of cell membranes?
a. Polysaccharides b. steroids c. DNA d. phospholipids e. ATP