The nurse clarifies that when interstitial edema occurs in the lung tissue, it inhibits ventilation by causing which problem(s)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Thickening alveolar membranes
b. Pus formation
c. Alveoli filling with fluid
d. Evaporating surfactant
e. Gas failing to diffuse across membrane
A, C, E
Interstitial edema will cause problems that affect the alveoli: thickened walls and filling with fluid that obstructs gas exchange across the thickened walls. Pus formation is associated with infection. Surfactant decreases surface tension on the alveolar wall, allowing it to expand more easily with inspiration and preventing alveolar collapse on expiration.
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A nurse has been asked to teach newly hired nurses how to operate some client care equipment that the unit has just received. The nurse says, "I'd love to do this, but someone else will need to take my clients today
" How should the manager respond? 1. "You will need to work the education into your day as you take care of clients." 2. "This will be a good break for you." 3. "You can use the classroom in the hospital basement for your instruction." 4. "I will authorize your additional salary for the next pay period."
The nurse asks a patient experiencing bone pain to describe his pain. Which of the following is a typical characteristic of bone pain?
A) Dull, deep ache that is "boring" in nature B) Soreness or aching that may include cramping C) Sharp and piercing; relieved by immobilization D) Spastic or sharp pain that radiates
A patient desiring to begin a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) for rapid weight reduction is concerned about the safety of the diet. What information should the nurse provide to the patient?
1. VLCDs are not recommended for people over age 50. 2. VLCDs result in significant losses of muscle mass in response to the protein restriction. 3. VLCDs are safe for patients who have a lower body mass index and need to lose a small amount of weight rapidly. 4. VLCDs are safest for middle-aged and senior patients.
An example of a nonnutritive sweetener is:
1. Isomalt 2. Aspartame 3. Sorbitol 4. Mannitol