The nurse is providing care to an adolescent child who is at risk for developing adult-onset cardiovascular disease. Which teaching points will decrease the adolescent's risk?
1. Encourage a decrease in smoking.
2. Limit fat intake to 20% to 35% of intake.
3. Encourage participation in vigorous exercise for at least 30 minutes.
4. Maintain a normal weight.
5. Include high-fat dairy products in the daily diet.
Correct Answer: 2,3,4
Rationale: Teaching points that will decrease the adolescent's risk of developing adult-onset cardiovascular disease include: limiting fat intake to 20% to 35% of total daily intake; encouraging the participation in vigorous exercise at least 30 minutes each day; and maintaining a normal weight. The adolescent and family members should be encouraged to stop smoking, not just to decrease smoking. The family should be educated to include low-fat dairy products in the daily diet.
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