DNA polymerase catalyzes the joining of a nucleotide to a growing DNA strand. What prevents this enzyme from catalyzing the reverse reaction?
(a) hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PPi) to inorganic phosphate (Pi) + Pi
(b) release of PPi from the nucleotide
(c) hybridization of the new strand to the template
(d) loss of ATP as an energy source
(a)
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Why is the evolutionary origin of all eukaryotes no longer considered to be a simple evolution from a single Archaea species?
a. Archaea contain insufficient genetic material to explain eukaryotic evolution. b. Fossil records provide evidence that Archaea evolved after eukaryotes. c. Some eukaryotic genes share more similarity with Bacteria than Archaea. d. Some eukaryotes contain mitochondria, which are invariably fatal to Archaea.
Which of the following characteristics do all animals share?
A. They are multicellular prokaryotes. B. They are single-celled eukaryotes. C. They are multicellular eukaryotes. D. They are single-celled prokaryotes.
Pinworm is a nematode parasite that lives in the human rectum, and causes itching in the anal area. What best explains the itching symptom?
A. Any kind of parasite will naturally irritate the skin. B. The itching is because of the mismatch between humans and the parasite's natural host. C. The itching induces the person to scratch, helping to spread the parasite to another person. D. The itching is a side-effect when the immune system has successfully attacked the nematode.
The organ that is responsible for secreting cocoons in the oligochaetes is known as the
A. radula. B. nephridia. C. clitellum. D. lophophore. E. setae.