How does a fiber-optic cable transmit data??

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A light source, called a photo diode, is placed at the transmitting end and quickly switched on and off to produce light pulses. These light pulses travel down the glass cable and are detected by an optic sensor called a photo receptor on the receiving end. The light source can be either a simple and inexpensive light-emitting diode (LED), such as those found in many pocket calculators, or a more complex laser. The laser is much more expensive than the LED, and it can produce much higher data transmission rates. Fiber-optic cable is capable of transmitting data at over 100 Gbps (that's 100 billion bits per second!) over several kilometers. Because many common local area network installations use an LED source, however, real-world fiber-optic transmissions are effectively limited to 10 gigabits for 300 meters.?

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