Which of the following is true about the hippocampus?
A) Long-term memories are permanently stored in the hippocampus.
B) The hippocampus is only involved in the creation of nondeclarative memories.
C) Memories appear to reside in the hippocampus until they can be consolidated in the cortex.
D) Damage to the hippocampus is most likely to affect long-term memories after they have undergone consolidation.
Answer: C
Rationale: Although the hippocampus is not where most declarative memories are actually stored, it is still key to the consolidation process. For this process to occur, the hippocampus maintains the memory trace until more permanent connections can form throughout the cortex. Once the memory traces are formed in the cortex, the memory is distributed in an entire network of cells. At this point, if an individual experiences damage to the hippocampus, the person would be less likely to lose long-term memories that have been consolidated.
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