Explain the pH scale
The unit for measuring relative acidity or alkalinity of a fluid is called pH. Simply stated, pH is the ratio of acids to bases. Hydrogen ion concentration (H+) is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ions in solution. Because the scale of H+ is logarithmic, in order for the pH to change by one unit (e.g., changing from 3 to 4), there must be a 10-fold change in H+. The pH of a substance is measured in a range from 1 to 14 . A 1 on the pH scale indicates the most acidic, and 14 indicates the most alkaline. Water is considered neutral at 7.0.
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