When auscultating the chest of a 75-year-old patient who recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI), the nurse hears an S3 heart sound immediately following S2. Because of this finding, the nurse should assess for which other condition?
1. heart failure
2. extension of the MI
3. renal failure
4. liver failure
Correct Answer: 1
A pathologic S3 (a third heart sound that immediately follows S2, called a ventricular gallop) results from myocardial failure and ventricular volume overload such as heart failure. Manifestations of MI extension include chest pain and a return of positive laboratory findings (CPK-MB and troponin). This heart sound is not associated with renal or liver failure.
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