Harmony notices that her cat salivates as soon as it hears the sound of Harmony opening a can of cat food with an electric can opener. In this example, the __________ is the conditioned stimulus.
A. can of cat food
B. sound of the electric can opener
C. dish that Harmony puts the food in
D. cat scurrying into the kitchen
Answer: B
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Down syndrome is caused by a. an extra 21st chromosome. b. a missing 21st chromosome. c. lack of oxygen at birth
d. unknown influences.
Dr. Klein wants to investigate the long-term effects of antidepressants in children. To do so, she randomly selects a group of subjects and follows them across five years. What type of study is this?
a. naturalistic c. cross-sectional b. cross-sequential d. longitudinal
Unemployed people are at relatively high risk for alcohol abuse, and may use alcohol to cope with being out of work
The reverse may also be true, however, and the use of alcohol may be responsible for people losing their jobs. This uncertainty of the direction of relationship between variables demonstrates which principle of critical thinking? A) Occam's Razor B) Ruling out rival hypotheses C) Replicability D) Correlation vs. causation
Even as Leon is standing outside puffing away on an unfiltered cigarette, he is thinking to himself, "You know, this is really stupid. It's bad for me, and it makes me smell like an ashtray."
Leon's discomfort – the divide between his attitude and his behavior – results in __________. a. behavioral perseveration b. attitudinal shifts c. cognitive dissonance d. tangential cognitizing