When pricing products, many companies use target costing and/or cost-plus pricing methods.Required:A. Briefly explain how target costing is applied to new products.B. How does target costing differ from cost-plus pricing?C. Can an activity-based costing system be used with target costing? Explain

What will be an ideal response?


A. Target costing begins with the likely market price for the new product and subtracts an acceptable profit margin to arrive at the manufacturing cost necessary to achieve the target margin. Then, to achieve the target cost, the product may need to be redesigned and/or re-engineered.
B. In cost-plus pricing, cost is the starting point. An acceptable profit margin is then added to arrive at the desired selling price. In target costing, the manufacturing cost is the target, determined by starting with market price and subtracting a profit margin.
C. Yes. Activity-based costing helps to focus on the various activities required to manufacture a product and the costs of those activities. Hence, it is more useful than traditional volume-based costing systems that spread overhead rather than base overhead assignment on the utilization of specific activities. Generally speaking, the end result is improved costing of goods and/or services.
Activity-based costing can also help focus attention on non-value-added activities that consume resources and increase a product's cost. Reduction or elimination of these activities can help achieve the product's target cost.

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