A disadvantage of the phylogenetic species concept is that it
A. cannot be applied to all organisms.
B. cannot be used for molecular data.
C. may be difficult to determine the number of traits necessary to characterize individuals.
D. cannot accommodate clear-cut qualitative characteristics.
E. is impossible to determine reproductive isolation.
C. may be difficult to determine the number of traits necessary to characterize individuals.
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What happens when a ligand binds to a ligand-gated sodium channel?
A. Sodium ions flow passively from high concentration to low concentration. B. Sodium ions are pumped from low concentration to high concentration. C. Sodium ions flow passively from low concentration to high concentration. D. There is no net flow of sodium ions.
An earthworm detects sound ____
a. through specialized tympanic membranes located near the head b. through a thinned region of the exoskeleton that forms a tympanum c. through general mechanoreceptors on its skin d. by using a specialized organ that measures the frequency of vibration of the surrounding dirt particles e. through a series of mechanoreceptors arranged in a lateral line
A cell that contains a receptor for a hormone is known as a(n) ____
a. endocrine gland b. paracrine cell c. neuroendocrine cell d. target cell e. signaling cell
Since many altruistic individuals do not reproduce, how are the genes for their behavior passed on? a. All altruistic individuals are born infertile; their sacrifices do not impair their reproductive potential
b. Altruists generally sacrifice themselves for close relatives, thus they share some genes with the individuals they help protect. c. Altruism always develops among highly inbred populations, where each individual is a near identical genetic copy of every other individual. d. Genetic evidence suggests that altruistic behavior results from mutant genes.