A nurse explains to a family member the pathophysiology of distributive shock, which is:
1. the intravascular compartment fills beyond capacity, allowing fluid to leak out, compressing vital organs.
2. the circulating volume causes excessive constriction of the vessels, causing blood pooling.
3. widely fluctuating blood pressures stimulate vascular collapse, causing severe alterations in peripheral perfusion.
4. although the circulating volume is intact, excessive vascular dilation causes drastic drops in blood pressure.
4
Blood pooling from dilated vessels drops the blood pressure without loss of circulating volume.
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A state committee is looking to improve the lives of the state's elderly. It wants to recommend that health care facilities that cater to the elderly population be required to base their practices on the activity theory of aging
Which of the following may be one problem with implementing the activity theory of aging? A) The assumption that older people want to maintain their middle-aged lifestyle B) The reluctance of the elderly to give up their occupational roles at retirement age C) The decline in mental acuity that accompanies physical impairment in most cases D) Declining health, loss of roles, and shrinking circle of friends of most elderly
When palpating a thrill on the precordium, the nurse recognizes that this sign is associated with which cardiac condition?
1. Severe valve stenosis 2. Cardiomyopathy 3. Stenosis of the carotid arteries 4. Aortic aneurysm
Strategic goals are developed as a result of which information source?
a. Environmental scan b. Electronic medical record c. Changes in nursing practice d. Changes in staff ratios
A long-term diabetic patient reports that he has been diagnosed with early cardiovascular disease. How does diabetes predispose the patient to cardiovascular complications?
a. Hyperglycemic periods cause thickening of the basement membrane in vessels, which causes atherosclerosis. b. Hypoglycemic periods increase cortisol release, which causes hypertension. c. Insulin constricts the cardiovascular ves-sels, which causes congestive heart failure. d. Diabetes decrease in the body's ability to digest fats by the pancreas, which leads to increased coronary artery blockage.