Given that babbling is a universal phenomenon, what does that suggest about the origins of language production?
A. All languages must have developed from a wordless "proto-language."
B. Language is a culturally learned phenomenon.
C. Language development should follow an unpredictable developmental sequence.
D. Language production may have an innate basis in humans.
Answer: D
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Any event whose presence increases the likelihood that an ongoing behavior will recur is a(n) ________
a. conditioned stimulus b. unconditioned stimulus c. positive reinforcer d. negative reinforcer
Harlow's studies of surrogate monkey mothers showed that
a. infant monkeys preferred the terry cloth surrogate only when it was the source of food. b. the wire surrogate was preferred because of its association with food. c. when frightened, the infant monkeys ran to the terry cloth surrogates for security and comfort. d. the attachment shown to the wire feeding mothers was identical to that displayed toward real monkey mothers.
Robert Siegler investigated the type of information that a child takes in during a problem-solving task and also what strategies he or she formulates when attempting to solve the problem. Siegler called his model the _____ approach.
A. rule assessment B. fuzzy-trace C. autobiographical D. constraint-seeking