The __________ attribution error is a phenomenon in which people make an attribution based on character, while simultaneously ignoring situational factors
A) dispositional
B) negative
C) presumptive
D) fundamental
Answer: D
Rationale: The fundamental attribution error is a tendency to make internal attributions for others' behaviors while ignoring external (situational) influences.
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A behaviorally oriented clinician tells her alcohol-dependent client: "Here is a checklist I want you to fill out each day. Whenever you feel you need a drink, you should indicate what you were thinking, where you were, who you were with, and whether you went ahead and drank." What procedure is the clinician using?
A. Self-monitoring B. Rating scales C. Self-analysis D. Mental status exam
Pregnant women over age 35 are more likely to _____ than younger mothers
a. have infants with FAS b. fail to seek medical care c. gain too much weight d. miscarry
Twin studies suggest that mood disorders have a basis
a. psychogenic b. psychoactive c. genetic d. biogeneric
While playing poker with his friends, Matthew scratches his right leg before winning a very big hand
He decides that scratching his right leg will be his "lucky gesture," and for a long time scratches his right leg with every hand that is dealt. This silly superstition violates which rules of critical thinking? A) Correlation versus causation B) Falsifiability C) Extraordinary claims D) Occam's Razor