The type of learning in which reflexive behaviors that would automatically follow one type of stimulus are elicited by different, formerly neutral stimuli, is called ______
a. cognitive restructuring c. vicarious learning
b. operant conditioning d. classical conditioning
D
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Which of the following is a problem associated with somatic symptom disorders?
a. unnecessary surgery b. stress-related illnesses c. amnesia due to organic brain dysfunction d. legal difficulties due to having more than one personality
An analysis of 26 longitudinal studies by Lansford et al. (2012) found that mild spanking was about as effective as other discipline methods that did not use spanking, such as verbal reminders and time-outs. The researchers argued that past results showing an association of spanking with problem behavior in children __________.
A. were correlational and therefore invalid B. were cross-sectional rather than longitudinal and therefore could not draw conclusions about the outcomes of spanking C. included some families that used more severe spanking, and it is only in those families that negative outcomes of spanking are found D. were conducted with mentally ill parents, and the children's poor behavior could have been inherited
Ali is having a garage sale. He is trying to sell an old alarm clock for $20, an old pair of sneakers for $40, and an old TV set for $100 . These prices are way too high. Since Ali owns these products, they seem to him to be more valuable than they really are. This phenomenon is known by social psychologists as ____
a. lateral shrinkage b. product affinity c. personal use shrinkage d. the mere ownership effect
Specialized cells in the nervous system that control behavior, senses, and movement are called:
a. neurons. b. glial cells. c. synapses. d. endothelial cells.