Differentiate between values and norms and explain how they both impact national culture.
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The basic building blocks of national culture are values and norms. Values are beliefs about what a society considers to be good, right, desirable, or beautiful-or their opposites. They provide the basic underpinnings for notions of individual freedom, democracy, truth, justice, honesty, loyalty, social obligation, collective responsibility, the appropriate roles for men and women, love, sex, marriage, and so on. Values are more than merely abstract concepts; they are invested with considerable emotional significance. People argue, fight, and even die over values such as freedom or dignity. Although deeply embedded in society, values are not static and change over time; but change is often the result of a slow and painful process. Norms are unwritten, informal codes of conduct that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations and are considered important by most members of a group or organization. They shape the behavior of people toward one another.
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