A patient admitted with multiple injuries is prescribed an intravenous colloid solution. Which solution would be appropriate for the nurse to infuse?
1. 25% albumin
2. 0.9% normal saline
3. dextrose 5% and 0.45 % normal saline
4. dextrose 5% and water
Correct Answer: 1
Colloid solutions contain substances that should not diffuse through capillary walls. Colloids tend to remain in the vascular system and increase the osmotic pressure of the serum, causing fluid to move into the vascular compartment from the interstitial space. As a result, plasma volume expands. Colloid solutions used to treat shock include 5% albumin, 25% albumin, hetastarch, plasma protein fraction, and dextran. Crystalloid solutions contain dextrose or electrolytes such as normal saline dissolved in water; they are either isotonic or hypotonic. All crystalloid solutions increase fluid volume in the intravascular and interstitial space.
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