Compare and contrast the contributions of Kinsey with those of Masters and Johnson.
What will be an ideal response?
Kinsey and Masters and Johnson took an empirical approach to understanding sexual behavior and were all pioneers in sex research. Masters and Johnson, as well as Kinsey, focused on actual sexual behavior rather than on value judgments regarding sexual behavior. Kinsey attempted to collect data on the frequency of different kinds of sexual behavior during the 1950s using the survey method. Masters and Johnson used laboratory observation and experimentation to discover physiological changes that occur during sexual activity. Masters and Johnson later wrote about therapeutic techniques for people with sexual problems.
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The apparent (or relative) brightness of two objects will remain the same as long as
a. both objects are of similar size. b. both objects are of similar shape. c. both objects are illuminated by the same amount of light. d. each object is illuminated by a different amount of light.
Having a bizarre dream in which you are flying through the air like a bird lends support to which dream theory?
a. Gestalt dream theory b. neurocognitive theory c. activation-synthesis hypothesis d. psychodynamic theory
Repeating information in a way that results in new associations is characteristic of:
a. automatic encoding c. sensory encoding b. maintenance rehearsal d. elaborative rehearsal
Learned helplessness theories in humans have produced only small effects. One reason for this result may be due to ______.
A. ethical issues associated with exposing human subjects to severe aversive events B. shock in humans is not as aversive as it is within animal subjects C. humans have more cognitive processing and are more immune to learned helplessness D. humans have alternative escape mechanisms that are different from animals