Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D synthesis?
a. Tanning lamps and tanning booths do not stimulate vitamin D synthesis.
b. Sunscreens with sunburn protection factors of 2 and above prevent synthesis of vitamin D.
c. The ultraviolet rays of the sun are able to easily pierce heavy clouds and smog to promote vitamin D synthesis.
d. Dark-skinned people require longer sunlight exposure than light-skinned people to synthesize equivalent amounts of vitamin D
e. The risks of skin cancer often outweigh the benefits of sun exposure for very light-skinned people.
ANS: D
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The energy we expend to maintain respiration and circulation is known as the energy cost of physical activity.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
High-protein diets are recommended as pre-performance regimens among adolescent athletes
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Bobby is a 9-year-old Caucasian boy. At his most recent medical appointment, a physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosa was white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer
when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night after school watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year, but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains this diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn. Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable. Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice. Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream. Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes. Discretionary kCalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything." Bobby's hemoglobin and hematocrit come back slightly low. Dietary counseling should include a question to the client regarding pica, such as: a. "Do you ever crave or eat non-foods, such as paint chips?" b. "Do you have diarrhea?" c. "Do you skip breakfast?" d. "Do you experience a tingling in your throat when you consume certain foods?"
Which of the following groups is at highest risk for hemolytic anemia?
A) Premature infants B) Elderly people who do not get exposure to sunlight C) Pregnant women D) Teenagers who do not drink enough water E) Someone who does not consume animal meat or products