One has to be cautious about concluding that a "fighting spirit" helps one cope with stress and survive cancer because ______.
A. physiological mechanisms are rarely assessed in these studies
B. studies looking at these variables have found mostly negative results
C. the only research done in this area has been done with nonhumans
D. the studies involve cancers that are in the early stages
Answer: A
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Psychological hardiness has key traits, and they are
a. 2; social support and self-efficacy b. 2; predictability and control c. 2; approach toward the positive and avoidance of the negative d. 3; alarm, resistance, and exhaustion e. 3; commitment, openness to challenge, and internal locus of control
In a reflex arc, the coordination between contraction of certain muscles and relaxation of others is mediated by ____
a. glial cells b. motor neurons c. sensory neurons d. interneurons
If a university receives federal funding for research involving human participants, which of the following is necessary?
a. IRB approval b. Community oversight c. IACUC approval d. Congressional oversight
Amanda often ruminates about her stressors and feels as if she cannot get a break. She tends to focus on the negative, and she often explains that she is hopeless when it comes to stress. What cognitive method would most benefit Amanda?
A. She could prioritize her stressors and focus only on the ones that are the most significant. B. She could begin to find meaning and ways to grow from her stressors. C. Amanda has a negative personality and personalities are enduring. D. She could eliminate all sources of stress.