Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. In Ex Parte Crouse the Illinois Supreme Court upheld a parents’ right to care for their children without government intervention.
2. The juvenile court concept started in Cook County Illinois in 1899.
3. In order to combat overcrowding, reformers-built cottage reformatories, which were small facilities that mimicked a large family.
4. In 1992, the U.S. Children’s Bureau was established to oversee the juvenile and adult justice systems, including probation and parole officers.
5. The first house of refuge opened in 1791 in Boston, Massachusetts.


1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. False

Criminal Justice

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The main goal of the ________ era of policing was to remove politics from policing by redefining the role and function of the police

A) community policing B) reform C) political D) None of the above.

Criminal Justice

Jails configured as __________ facilities are designed with single- or multiple-occupancy cells aligned along corridors

a. podular b. linear c. elliptical d. continuous

Criminal Justice

Which level of evidence is used in probation and parole revocation hearings?

a. clear and convincing evidence b. preponderance of evidence c. probable cause d. beyond a reasonable doubt

Criminal Justice

Briefly summarize the early years of African American Lawyers.

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice