The nurse is caring for an 18-month-old child with rotavirus. What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?
a. Severe abdominal cramping and bloody diarrhea
b. Mild fever and vomiting followed by onset of watery stools
c. Colicky abdominal pain and vomiting
d. High fever, diarrhea, and lethargy
ANS: B
Rotavirus is one of the most common pathogens that cause gastroenteritis in children younger than the age of 2 years. Clinical manifestations include mild to moderate fever and vomiting followed by the onset of watery stools. The fever and vomiting usually abate in 1 or 2 days, but the diarrhea persists for 5 to 7 days. Severe abdominal cramping and bloody diarrhea are seen with Escherichia coli infection; colicky abdominal pain and vomiting are seen with salmonella infection; and high fever, diarrhea, and lethargy are seen with infection by Salmonella typhi.
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