Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. Operational planning is normally performed by middle management.
2. Decisions that are predictable, following a well-defined set of procedures, are typical of operational planning.
3. As part of the planning process, businesses set what are known as targets, which are specific commitments to achieve measurable results within a stated period of time.
4. An organization's goals arranged in a hierarchy from low level to high level can be termed a means-end chain.
1. FALSE
Strategic priorities and policies are passed down to middle managers, who must do tactical planning. Operational planning is done by first-line managers.
2. TRUE
Operational planning helps to direct daily tasks of nonmanagerial personnel, and decisions are often predictable, following a well-defined set of routine procedures.
3. FALSE
A goal, also known as an objective, is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time.
4. TRUE
Goals are arranged in a hierarchy known as a means-end chain because, in the chain of management, the accomplishment of low-level goals is the means leading to the accomplishment of high-level goals or ends.
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