In garden peas, one pair of alleles controls the height of the plant, and a second pair of alleles controls
flower color. The allele for tall (D) is dominant to the allele for dwarf (d), and the allele for purple (P)
is dominant to the allele for white (p). A tall purple crossed with a tall purple produces 3/4 tall purple
and 1/4 tall white. What is the genotype of the parents? What will be an ideal response?
Dd Pp ? DD Pp
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The activation of protein kinase A by cyclic AMP binding likely occurs because of:
A. the activity of a phosphatase. B. the binding of GTP. C. phosphorylation. D. a conformation change.
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. One common feature with G-protein coupled, enzyme-linked, and growth factor receptors is that their activation leads to activation of protein kinases. 2. Cyclic AMP activates protein kinase C in producing a cell response. 3. If IP3 binds a Ca2+ ligand-gated ion channel in the endoplasmic reticulum, then cytosolic Ca2+ levels will rise in the cell. 4. If epinephrine increases glycogen metabolism in muscle cells, it would have the same function in brain cells.
In a medical emergency, when an individual has stopped breathing on their own, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation can be administered while waiting for the arrival of EMTs, in order to increase that individual’s odds of survival. In order to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, air from a conscious individual’s lungs is forced into the lungs of the unconscious individual. What effect does this have?
a. Forcing air into the unconscious individual’s lungs triggers the sympathetic breathing reflex, whereby the lungs ”remember” to start breathing again. b. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation prevents the unconscious individual from exhaling their residual volume, which would cause the lungs to collapse and lead to inevitable death. c. Some residual oxygen from the conscious individual’s lungs diffuses into the unconscious individual’s blood, and the increased pressure forces some CO2 saturated air out of their lungs. d. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation keeps the alveoli of the lungs moist and warm, allowing the lungs to continue exchanging gases with the atmosphere on a passive but adequate level.
Deviations from __________ indicate that a
population is evolving. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).