A post hoc fallacy means a researcher has made what type of error?
a. An error in the design of the pretest and posttest phase of the research
b. An error based on the belief that posttest scores can be understood without ANCOVA results
c. The belief that what came first necessarily caused whatever came after
d. An error of researcher ethics where the researcher has to inform
Ans: c
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Understanding that by completing his bachelor’s degree, Mr. Williams can earn another three dollars an hour is a function of the career lattice
a. True b. False
When students grow up in a home where two languages are spoken,
A) ?they are usually competent in using both languages. B) ?their dominant language can be used for testing purposes. C) ?they will prefer to answer test questions in English. D) ?they may develop a hybrid language, borrowing a little from both languages.
A way in which a romantic relationship differs from earlier attachment relationships is that in a romantic relationship
A. the person uses their partner as a secure base for exploring the environment. B. the person uses their partner as a safe haven in times of stress. C. each partner becomes an attachment figure for the other partner. D. the partner shows distress when separated from his or her romantic partner.
Which one of the following statements best describes Vygotsky's concept of internalization?
A) As children grow older, they develop an increasing ability to think about events in abstract rather than concrete terms. B) With age, children acquire more sophisticated problem-solving skills, largely because their parents and teachers give them increasingly challenging problems to solve. C) Over time, children acquire more self-confidence about their ability to deal with the world. D) Through their social interactions with other people, children acquire new ways of mentally approaching and thinking about a task.