The presence of a bubble in the Durham tube indicates what kind of reaction?
A) positive
B) negative
A) positive
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How do eukaryotic transcription factors exert their effects on transcription when their binding sites can be thousands of base pairs away from the promoter?
A. Regulatory proteins bind the sequences and then slide along the DNA until they reach an RNA polymerase bound to a promoter. B. After binding to the site, the regulatory protein releases the DNA and is targeted to the polymerase via coactivator proteins. C. Once bound to the site, the regulatory protein catalyzes the formation of an effector molecule that then travels to and binds the polymerase. D. The DNA between the bound site and the polymerase-promoter complex loops out, increasing proximity.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has advanced our understanding of systematics because it allows for ____
a. analysis of morphological traits b. analysis of small amounts of DNA from museum specimens and fossils c. the reconstruction of entire individuals from a small amount of DNA d. the reconstruction of entire individuals from a small amount of RNA e. the analysis of an entire genome from a small fossil fragment
Suppose that during the embryonic development of a hand, homeotic gene expression is altered such that the dorsal-ventral axis is switched. What is the most likely outcome of this scenario?
A) The palm and back of the hand will be switched. B) The pinky and thumb would be switched. C) The shoulder and hand would be switched. D) The foot and hand would be switched.
The Calvin cycle takes place in the:
A) grana. B) cytoplasm. C) thylakoids. D) stroma.