How did Francis I unify France in the sixteenth century?

What will be an ideal response?


Answers will vary. Francis I created a uniform French mentality through several culturally binding methods. He was a great patron of the arts and made his mark on the Renaissance through the direction of a specifically French form of culture. By enforcing the use of the Parisian dialect throughout France, he created a common language that was the means of government administration and bureaucracy, as defined by official correspondence and law. Francis had the threefold support of a regular source of income, the taille; a large standing army; and an efficient state administration. Finally, he secured the right from Pope Leo X, through a concordat in 1516, to nominate candidates for high offices in the church, giving him significant input on clerical matters and further enhancing his authority, in exchange for his recognition of the pope as the supreme authority of the Catholic Church. The effects of political centralization as well as a cultural unification created a sense of national identity that diminished earlier local customs and traditions and focused on the big picture of France.

History

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How and why did the conservative reaction to political and social change in the 1960s emerge?

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The most practical American innovation in domestic architecture before the Civil War was the:

a. five-story apartment building b. balloon frame house c. Gothic-style churches and homes d. Greek-revival style

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Following the Glorious Revolution of 1688, England

A) tightened imperial controls over its American empire. B) entered a political alliance with France. C) forbade colonial merchants the right to engage in foreign trade. D) relaxed customs regulations and reduced duties.

History

Denis Diderot’s most important contribution to the Enlightenment was to assemble all the latest scientific and philosophical thinking into the _________.

a. Encyclopédie b. Livre des sophistes c. Les Misérables d. Lettre sur les aveugles à l'usage de ceux qui voient

History