Which of the following was the ruling by the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case?
A) If facilities are equal, they can be separate for blacks and whites.
B) Segregation is inherently unequal.
C) Black Americans are not included and were not intended to be included under the word "citizens" in the Constitution.
D) Desegregation must take place with "all deliberate speed."
E) The American military must be quickly integrated.
C
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Which of the following characterizes the general revenue sharing strategy of new federalism?
a. Federal regulations focused exclusively on the promotion of market competition. b. The federal government did not restrict how state and local revenues were used. c. Programs are for the elderly were to be state sponsored. d. It was an attempt to assist states with fiscal recovery.
A way that evidence can mislead audiences if not done properly is through:
A. Misleading Measurements B. Misleading Samples C. Misleading Correlations D. All of the above
In which landmark case did the Supreme Court rule that Congress has broad discretion to tax and spend "in the aid of the ‘general welfare'"?
A) United States v. Butler B) Helvering v. Davis C) South Dakota v. Dole D) Baker v. Carr E) Marbury v. Madison
What is the status of affirmative action in college admissions after the Supreme Court decisions in the two Michigan cases, one involving the University of Michigan undergraduate program and one the law school?
a. Affirmative action policies are generally permissible, but they cannot involve race-based quotas or numerical point systems. b. Affirmative action policies are assumed to be unconstitutional unless the university can demonstrate the need to promote racial tolerance. c. Affirmative action policies are assumed to be constitutional unless an applicant can demonstrate that race affected the admissions decision. d. Affirmative action policies must ensure that all racial and ethnic groups are represented in accordance with the population of the nation as a whole.