What might be considered one positive benefit of using patronage in the nineteenth century to determine political appointments?
a. It allowed the state parties to print and distribute ballots for Election Day.
b. It helped to integrate citizens, many of which were recently naturalized immigrants, into the political system.
c. It allowed local parties to exchange jobs for votes.
d. It led to State Democratic parties becoming disorganized operations, barely capable of holding annualconventions or mobilizing citizens to vote.
b
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According to Anthony Downs, low voter turnout is in part due to the fact that it is irrational for an individual to vote because a single vote will almost never affect the outcome of an election. This analysis assumes which of the following?
a. Voting suffers from a free-rider problem. b. Truly competitive elections are uncommon. c. Potential voters use a cost-benefit analysis when deciding whether or not to vote. d. Individuals want to maximize the benefits that they provide to social movements.
Experimenter effects
A) arise from the experimenter's detailed knowledge of the experiment. B) are actually of little concern in research. C) cannot be controlled. D) are best controlled by random assignment of participants.
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Although racially mixed people are often assigned the status of the parent group with the lowest status, they are sometimes regarded differently. According to F. James Davis, in which ways are mixed race people perceived differently across cultures?
A. Some cultures assign a status between those of the parent groups. B. Some cultures assign a lower status than that of either parent group. C. Some cultures assign a higher status than that of either parent group. D. Some cultures assign a unique official status to each mixed race individual.
How has the Equal Rights Amendment affected women's civil rights?
a. It has ensured that men and women are treated equally in the workplace. b. It has ensured that the courts evaluate gender discrimination using the strict scrutiny test. c. It has eliminated gender discrimination in the military. d. It has had little effect because it was not formally adopted.