Compare and contrast Piaget's and Vygotsky's views on adolescent cognitive development.
What will be an ideal response?
Both Piaget and Vygotsky proposed a constructivist view of cognition. Piaget believed that children construct knowledge by transforming, organizing, and reorganizing previous knowledge. For Vygotsky, children and adolescents construct knowledge through social interaction, collaboration, and sociocultural activity. The endpoint of cognitive development for Piaget is formal operational thought. For Vygotsky, the endpoint can differ, depending on which skills are considered to be the most important by a particular culture. The implication of Piaget's theory for teaching is that children need support to explore their world and discover knowledge. The main implication of Vygotsky's theory for teaching is that students need many opportunities to learn with the teacher and with more-skilled peers. In both Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories, teachers serve as facilitators and guides, rather than directors and molders of learning.
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