Which of the following people is likely to have the highest percentage of body water?
A. An elderly man
B. An obese woman
C. A highly trained male athlete
D. A highly trained female athlete
Answer: C
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Which of the following statements about physical activity is true?
a. The number of kcalories spent in an activity depends on body weight, intensity, and duration. b. Physical activity increases the energy required to meet nutrient needs. c. Physical activity cannot reduce abdominal fat without weight loss. d. Being active increases hunger. e. Physical activity does not affect metabolism.
Which of the following statements is true?
A. The Nutrition Facts panel displays the amount of phytochemicals in a serving of the food. B. Nutrition Facts labels provide information about amounts of ingredients in product recipes. C. If you do not consume 100% of the Daily Values for nutrients, you have a high risk of developing nutritional-deficiency disorders. D. Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes.
The cell process of silencing or activating genes is in part accomplished by
a. DNA methylation. b. multigene genomics. c. translational sequencing. d. a transcription-translation cycle.
A 60-year-old client, Mr. Hummel, has had type 2 DM for several years. Because of a change in insurance coverage, Mr. Hummel changes doctors and at his first appointment, a comprehensive medical exam and dietary history are performed. At the next few appointments, the certified diabetes educator, a registered dietitian, takes a full dietary history
Mr. Hummel works part-time in a seasonal sporting goods store, having retired last year from 35 years working for a manufacturing plant as a supervisor. He is married to a nurse who works full-time. He does most of the cooking and grocery shopping. He and his wife go for walks on weekends, but he does not exercise otherwise, except for doing chores around the house and occasional yard work or gardening. He is 5'9" tall and weighs 200 lbs., though when his diabetes was initially diagnosed, he weighed more. Mr. Hummel is interested in weight reduction, especially if it will help him manage his blood glucose, and provides the following 24-hour food recall that typifies how he usually eats: Breakfast (eats after taking morning blood glucose): Pancakes with diet syrup or a bowl of cereal (usually corn flakes, Chex, or instant oatmeal) with Sweet ‘N' Low and nonfat milk. Drinks coffee throughout the day starting at breakfast with 2 nondairy coffee creamer packets per cup. May or may not have 4 oz. of 100% fruit juice depending on hunger. Lunch (eats after taking afternoon blood glucose): Sandwich (rye or wheat bread), deck of cards-size portion of lunch meat (salami, ham, bologna, turkey, or chicken) with thinly spread mayonnaise; coffee with nondairy creamers. May or may not eat a can of soup (cream of tomato, cream of chicken, or Italian wedding soup) instead of a sandwich, with two slices of buttered rye or wheat bread. Afternoon Snack: Canned fruit or occasionally a cookie, doughnut, a piece of pizza, or a treat, depending on availability, hunger, blood sugar, and situation. Drinks coffee with nondairy coffee creamer. Usually also has a glass of ice water before dinner. Dinner (eats after taking evening blood glucose): Roast beef, meat loaf, steak, or another red meat; occasionally eats poultry or fish—approximate amount 8 oz.; plain baked potato, au gratin potatoes, or boiled buttered potatoes; a salad with bottled salad dressing or a vegetable, such as canned green beans; and a slice of rye or wheat bread with butter. May use ketchup, steak sauce, salt, and pepper. Drinks water with dinner. Evening Snack: Varies—may eat a few handfuls of a bagged snack food, such as Doritos; a bag of buttered microwave popcorn; or cookies. Labs are as follows: • Fasting glucose: 140-150 mg/dL • Glucose one to two hours after mealtime: 200 mg/dL • Average bedtime glucose: 152 mg/dL • Glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1C): 7.5% Which macronutrient distribution is appropriate for Mr. Hummel's daily diet? a. 20-35% kcalories from total fat b. 20-35% kcalories from saturated fat c. 0% kcalories from refined carbohydrate d. 25% kcalories from protein, 7% kcalories from total fat