Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with _____
A) compounds that have polar covalent bonds
B) oils
C) oxygen gas (O2 ) molecules
D) chloride ions
A
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You've likely heard of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis). Have you hear of a grolar bear or a pizzly bear? These might be unfamiliar because they are the offspring of matings between polar bears and grizzlies
A handful of these animals have been born in zoos; three have been documented in nature. Due to their rarity, only a few grolars (grizzly dad and polar bear mom) or pizzlys (polar bear dad and grizzly mom) have been studied in detail. Their fur color, head shape, and ear shape are striking intermediates between the phenotypes of their parents. It is thought that polar bears originated from a population of brown bears (Ursus arctos) that became geographically isolated during a glaciation event that occurred about 150,000 years ago (Lindqvist et al., 2010). Traditionally the territories of grizzly bears and polar bears did not overlap, as grizzlies ranged from Alaska to Mexico, whereas polar bears stayed on the annual sea ice over the Arctic continental shelf and within the Arctic archipelagos. Relatively recently (last 50 years or so) grizzlies and polar bears have begun to come in contact in the wild. References: Lindqvist, Charlotte; Schuster, Stephan C.; Sun, Yazhou; Talbot, Sandra L.; Qi, Ji; Ratan, Aakrosh; Tomsho, Lynn P.; Kasson, Lindsay et al. (2010). Complete mitochondrial genome of a Pleistocene jawbone unveils the origin of polar bear. PNAS 107 (11): 5053-5057. doi:10.1073/pnas.0914266107. PMC 2814953. PMID 20194737. The origin of polar bears was the result of A. allopatric speciation. B. sympatric speciation. C. peripatric speciation.
Weight loss dieting in humans has been shown to ____
a. increase absolute numbers of Firmicutes bacteria b. decrease absolute numbers of Firmicutes bacteria c. increase the abundance of Firmicutes bacteria relative to Bacteroidetes bacteria d. decrease the relative abundance of Firmicutes bacteria relative to Bacteroidetes bacteria e. not affect bacterial populations in human intestines
The accompanying figure shows data on composite values for beak size, beak shape, and body size for the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) inhabiting Daphne Major. Complete data sets were collected from 1973 onward
For each of the three graphs in the accompanying figure, the 95% confidence intervals are shown as vertical bars extending above and below each data point for each year. The fact that many of these 95% confidence intervals do not overlap with the data from 1973 (the original reference point for this study) do not overlap reveals that ________. A) no detectable change in these phenotypes was measured B) no evolution can be documented C) detectable change in phenotypes was observed, but the changes were not heritable D) detectable evolution by natural selection did occur E) None of these is an accurate statement.
What reactions is synonymous with catabolism?