A patient with Parkinson's disease is admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. Which nursing interventions will be included in the plan of care (select all that apply)?
a. Use an elevated toilet seat.
b. Cut patient's food into small pieces.
c. Provide high-protein foods at each meal.
d. Place an armchair at the patient's bedside.
e. Observe for sudden exacerbation of symptoms.
ANS: A, B, D
Because the patient with Parkinson's has difficulty chewing, food should be cut into small pieces. An armchair should be used when the patient is seated so that the patient can use the arms to assist with getting up from the chair. An elevated toilet seat will facilitate getting on and off the toilet. High-protein foods will decrease the effectiveness of L-dopa. Parkinson's is a steadily progressive disease without acute exacerbations.
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