For the Galapagos Islands finch species Geospiza fortis, drought conditions produced a change in the population in which the next generation had larger beaks than the previous one. What produced this change in the population?
A) Birds with smaller beaks had higher fitness, but they waited to reproduce until wet weather returned.
B) Birds with smaller beaks had higher fitness, but they were outcompeted by birds with larger beaks.
C) Birds with smaller beaks flew to nearby islands where food was more plentiful.
D) Birds with larger beaks had higher fitness, so they could produce more offspring that inherited the same trait.
Answer: D
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