When individualizing pain management for a client hospitalized after major surgery, the nurse will: (Select all that apply.)
a. titrate the prescribed analgesic medication to provide effective pain management.
b. assess the client for cultural beliefs that affect individual expression of pain.
c. reassure the client that pain medication is available whenever he or she expresses a need for it.
d. anticipate the client's need for pain medi-cations.
e. implement nonpharmacological pain man-agement interventions whenever possible.
ANS: A, B, D, E
The client will require knowledge about the frequency of the administration of the medication; if the requests are consistently made before the medication can be readministered, the treatment plan should be reevaluated and altered. The other options reflect appropriate interventions for effective pain management.
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