The nurse shows an understanding of the error group of aging theories when stating: (Select all that apply.)
a. "Aging occurs differently for the various ethnic groups."
b. "Our genetic makeup is responsible for how we are affected by age."
c. "Aging is a result of mistakes in our RNA and DNA metabolism."
d. "The free radical theory is an example of an error theory."
e. "Aging effects are really random and un-predictable."
ANS: C, D, E
Answers A and B are congruent with programmed (nonerror) theories. The programmed theories are those in which the changes of aging are attributed to a process that is programmed and thought to be predetermined such as in the various ethnic groups. Research is currently looking at genes being responsible for aging. The programmed theories view aging as predetermined and not random. The error theories propose that aging is the result of an accumulation of errors in the synthesis of cellular DNA and RNA synthesis, and that changes related to aging are random and unpredictable. The free radical theory is an error theory.
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