Which one of the following statements best describes behaviorists' two-step theory of avoidance learning?
a. Avoidance of the aversive stimulus is negatively reinforced by the presence of the pre-aversive stimulus.
b. Remaining in the situation is punished by the aversive stimulus; avoiding it is positively reinforced by the pre-aversive stimulus.
c. Fear of the pre-aversive stimulus is classically conditioned, and escape from that stimulus is negatively reinforced.
d. Escape responses occur prior to avoidance responses.
c
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Event sampling
Match each statement with the correct item below. a. Used to develop strategies to change behavior. b. A conclusion based on directly observable data, premises, or evidence, but is not itself directly observable. c. A formal method of observation and recording in which you record selected behaviors during preset uniform time periods and at regularly recurring or randomly selected intervals. d. Only behaviors chosen ahead of time are observed and recorded. e. Behaviors that can be placed into particular categories. f. A formal method that observes and records specific kinds of behaviors whenever they occur.
A positive goal of discipline would be
A) To be in control of the child B) To demand obedience and respect C) To make the child pay for wrongdoing D) To change the behavior
The lettersbl appearing together in a word represent a:
a. digraph b. consonant blend c. CVC variant d. diphthong
________ applies when you try to apply conclusions that are appropriate for one unit of analysis to a different unit of analysis
a. sampling fallacy b. gamblers fallacy c. significance fallacy d. ecological fallacy