Substitutes

ex:

Task feedback

Training & experience

Professionalism

Staff support

Group cohesion

Intrinsic satisfaction


reduce the importance of the leader while simultaneously providing a direct benefit to employee performance.

For example, a cohesive work group can provide its own sort of governing behaviors, making the leader less relevant, while providing its own source of motivation and job satisfaction.

Communication & Mass Media

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How can private interests and the public interest conflict in public relations?

What will be an ideal response?

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What type of listening requires nothing from the receiver?

A) active B) informational C) passive D) responsive

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The "spiral of silence" theory suggests that you are more likely to voice __________ than __________

a) agreement; disagreement b) disagreement; agreement c) assertiveness; aggression d) conspiracy; agreement

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Work teams improve employee morale if all members of the team want to be there

A. True B. False

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