Consider how to address the impractical assumptions we made in order to meet the validity and
agreement properties for the reliable multicast protocol based on IP multicast. Hint: add a rule for
deleting retained messages when they have been delivered everywhere, and consider adding a
dummy ‘heartbeat’ message, which is never delivered to the application, but which the protocol
sends if the application has no message to send.
What will be an ideal response?
A process can delete a retained message when it is known to have been received by all group members. The
latter condition can be determined from the acknowledgements that group members piggy back onto the
messages they send. (This is one of the main purposes of those acknowledgments; the other is that a process
may learn sooner that it has missed a message than if it had to wait for the sender of that message to send
another one.)
A group member can send periodic heartbeat messages if it has no application-level messages to send. A
heartbeat message records the last sequence number sent and sequence numbers received from each sender,
enabling receivers to delete message they might otherwise retain, and detect missing messages.
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What will be an ideal response?
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What will be an ideal response?