A patient in the ICU with chronic renal disease has just received his lab results. The nurse knows that one of the first functions to be lost in renal disease is the ability to concentrate urine
Which of the following lab results would indicate this loss of ability to concentrate the urine?
A) A specific gravity of urine that varies between 1.001 and 1.022, depending on the patient's water balance
B) Urine osmolality fixed within 150 mOsm of the simultaneously determined serum osmolality
C) Urinary pH of 6.0
D) Urine volume of 1 L/day
B
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A nurse considers beneficence as the guiding ethical principle for nursing practice. Working within that framework, which action by the nurse best demonstrates that concept?
A. Administering a pain medication before therapy so that the patient can participate B. Allowing the patient to make informed choices as to his or her plan of care C. Promising a pain medication in 1 hour and returning with it on time D. Turning patients to prevent pressure sores, despite causing temporary discomfort
Which assessment indicates to a nurse that a 2-year-old child is in need of pain medication?
a. The child is lying rigidly in bed and not moving. b. The child's current vital signs are consistent with vital signs over the past 4 hours. c. The child becomes quiet when held and cuddled. d. The child has just returned from the recovery room.
The nurse evaluates the venipuncture site before leaving the patient's room with the blood specimen. Which nursing observation is an unexpected outcome?
a. A dot of blood covers the venipuncture site. b. Heart rate is stable and regular at 80 beats/min. c. A soft subcutaneous lump appears at the venipuncture site. d. The patient complains of stinging with removal of the needle.
What laboratory test is the preferred screening test for diabetes in children and nonpregnant adults?
a. FPG b. ECG c. GTT d. A1c