Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

Question

1. The halo effect occurs only with positive traits.
2. Leah has hired two new employees for her team, Jake and Margaret. Jake is outgoing and attractive, while Margaret is very bright but seems quiet and unsure of herself. Leah immediately expects Jake to outperform Margaret at the job. Jake is likely experiencing the halo effect. 
3. The activity of inferring causes for observed behavior is called causal attribution. 
4. In the fundamental attribution bias, people tend to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure. 

Answer 1

1. FALSE
The halo effect occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait, such as being attractive. The phenomenon is also called the horn-and-halo effect because not only can a single positive trait be generalized into an array of positive traits but the reverse is also true.
2. FALSE
The halo effect occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait, such as being attractive. "Employers (wrongly) expect good-looking workers to perform better than their less-attractive counterparts under both visual and oral interaction," said the researchers, "even after controlling for individual worker characteristics and worker confidence." Here, Leah is experiencing the halo effect, not Jake.
3. TRUE
The halo effect occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait, such as being attractive. "Employers (wrongly) expect good-looking workers to perform better than their less-attractive counterparts under both visual and oral interaction," said the researchers, "even after controlling for individual worker characteristics and worker confidence." Here, Leah is experiencing the halo effect, not Jake.
4. FALSE
In the fundamental attribution bias, people attribute another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to situational factors. In the self-serving bias, people tend to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure.