Define formal groups. List and describe four examples of formal groups.
What will be an ideal response?
Formal groups are work groups established by the organization that have designated work assignments and specific tasks. In formal groups, appropriate behaviors are established by and directed toward organizational goals. Examples of formal groups include:
a. Command groups-these are the basic, traditional work groups determined by formal authority relationships and depicted on the organizational chart. They typically include a manager and those subordinates who report directly to him or her.
b. Cross-functional teams-these bring together the knowledge and skills of individuals from various work areas in order to come up with solutions to operational problems. Cross-functional teams also include groups whose members have been trained to do each other's jobs.
c. Self-managed teams-these are essentially independent groups that, in addition to doing their operating jobs, take on traditional management responsibilities such as hiring, planning and scheduling, and performance evaluations.
d. Task groups-these are temporary groups created to accomplish a specific task. Once the task is complete, the group is disbanded.
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