Describe the etiology of osteoporosis.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Risk of osteoporosis (primary or secondary) and related fractures is influenced by a number of factors. Risk factors having a particularly strong bearing on the development of peak bone mineral density from childhood through early adulthood include genetic susceptibility and family history, female sex, Caucasian race, premenopausal amenorrhea, physical inactivity, and low lifetime calcium and vitamin D intakes. Low lifetime intakes of fluoride, magnesium, and zinc may also have a bearing. Genetics is a particularly important determinant of peak bone mass and of subsequent fracture risk. Factors that decrease bone remineralization and/or increase demineralization once peak BMD has been achieved include female sex, premenopausal amenorrhea, menopause before age 45 years, age, glucocorticoid therapy, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and low intakes of calcium and vitamin D. Low intakes of fluoride, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin K may also influence bone demineralization.