Which of the following would be likely to increase GFR?A) Sympathetic stimulation of afferent arteriolar smooth muscleB) Constricting efferent arteriolesC) A decrease in plasma volumeD) An increase in the concentration of plasma proteinsE) Dilation of the afferent arteriole
What will be an ideal response?
B, E
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Restrictive disorders are characterized by which of the following?
A. Reduced compliance of the lungs B. Increased vital capacity C. Obstruction of air passageways D. Relatively more difficulty during expiration compared to inspiration E. Bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation
Explain how cardiac contractile cells differ from cardiac pacemaker cells
What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following would most likely control an increase in gastric activity?
A. Hypothalamus B. Medulla oblongata C. Sympathetic nervous system D. Parasympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic effects tend to last ________ than parasympathetic effects. One reason is that ________
A) longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO) B) shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) C) shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down D) longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down E) about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters