Studies that are used to ask how deviance is distributed across individual, social, and environmental conditions are called ______ research.
a. content analysis
b. quasi-experimental
c. survey
d. participant observation
c. survey
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Of all the theories to explain crime and delinquency, the most discounted and criticized ones are psychological
a. True b. False
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. All the Enlightenment philosophers had one common belief: punishment. 2. One of the most common supernatural beliefs of primitive cultures was that the moon, in its fullest state, was a trigger for criminal activity 3. Beccaria claimed torture should not be used against defendants. Although some countries still use torture, the former U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzalez wrote a memo stating that torture of terrorist suspects by the U.S. military was not to be condoned. 4. Beccaria claimed to know the most certain way to reduce crime: “The surest but most difficult way to prevent crimes is by perfecting education.” 5. The legal term for intent is known as actus reus.
In 1988, prosecutors tried Mel Ignatow for the brutal rape, torture, and murder of his girlfriend. Prosecutors relied mostly on a confession from his accomplice, but the jury didn’t believe her and acquitted Ignatow of murder. Later, the new owners of his home discovered several explicit photos of the crime, proving that he did in fact murder her. Based on this case, which of the following statements would be true?
A. Prosecutors were not able to establish Ignatow’s legal guilt, in spite of the fact that he was factually guilty of the crime. B. Because the accomplice’s confession that she helped Ignatow murder his girlfriend was circumstantial evidence, the jury decided to acquit. C. There was no direct evidence of the crime, so the jury acquitted Ignatow. D. The prosecutor established legal guilt in this case, but not factual guilt.
List some of the findings of the Montreal Longitudinal Experimental Study
What will be an ideal response?