Over time, how do skeletal muscle cells respond to regular weight-lifting exercise?
A) They get larger, making the overall muscle bigger.
B) They multiply, making the overall muscle bigger.
C) They are able to contract for longer periods of time.
D) They contain more actin and less myosin.
A
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Which of the following will NOT result in a proto-oncogene's conversion into an oncogene?
a. A mutation in the proto-oncogene's promoter that increases transcription of the gene. b. A mutation in the coding sequence of a protein that renders a protein abnormally active. c. An alteration to the p53 coding sequence rendering the p53 protein inactive. d. An introduction of new DNA sequences to a chromosome that alters the regulation of the cell cycle. e. The translocation of a proto-oncogene to a location in the cell and under the control of a more active promoter than present in the original location.
Ions can be moved against the concentration gradient to create a difference in charge across that membrane. Later, the electrochemical gradient can be exploited by the cell to drive other processes. Respectively, what are these two mechanisms called?
a. primary passive transport, secondary passive transport b. primary sodium transport, secondary potassium transport c. primary active transport, secondary active transport d. primary electrical transport, secondary electrical transport
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides the best images of bone fractures, but due to expense, x-rays are used most often.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
Gamma irradiation is effective for sterilization because it
A) damages molecules irreversibly. B) is non-ionizing. C) penetrates well. D) destroys protein function, although DNA is undamaged. E) is penetrating and causes extensive molecular damage.