A movement that considers punitive crime control strategies to be counterproductive and favors the use of humanistic conflict resolution to prevent and control crime is known as ________.
A. powermaking
B. policemaking
C. peacemaking
D. processmaking
Answer: C
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A deontological ethical system focuses on ______.
a. a moral commitment to make the world a better place b. an act itself c. the middle ground between perspectives d. the consequences of an action
In Illinois v. Gates (1983), for probable cause determinations, the U.S. Supreme Court:
a. adopted the Aguilar 2-prong test. b. eliminated the Aguilar reliability of informant prong. c. eliminated the Aguilar reliability of information prong. d. adopted the totality of the circumstances test.
Which of the following statements does not reflect labeling theory?
a. Labeling theory identifies the role played by social agents in crime causation b. Labeling theory recognizes that criminality is a disease or a pathological behavior. c. Labeling theory distinguishes between criminal acts and criminal careers. d. Labeling theory focuses attention on the social interactions and reactions that shape individuals and their behavior.
A group of four women are going from store to store, stealing clothing and other items for both personal use and for resale. The women have been doing this for over a year and they operate a typical "boosting" operation
Which statement below is an example of a typical boosting strategy? A) One or more gang members distract store clerks while one or two others lift merchandise. B) A member is standing outside the store doors, ready to signal if police or security officials are coming. C) A member is in the parking lot ready with a getaway car. D) All of the above are examples of a typical boosting.